Southern Africa: Consensus outlook for the major rainfall season from October 2024 to March 2025!

The Southern African Development Communtiy (SADC)* has released the official statement from the Twenty-Ninth Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (SARCOF-29), which took place in Harare, Zimbabwe, from 26 - 28 August 2024 to present a consensus outlook for the major rainfall season from October 2024 to March 2025.
According to the statement, the bulk of the SADC region, including Mauritius and central Madagascar, is likely to receive normal to above-normal rainfall for most of the period of October to December 2024. The north-western part of the Republic of Congo (DRC) will experience where above-normal rainfall, while the remainder of the region, including the island states of Comoros and Seychelles, is likely to normal to below normal rainfall during this period of the 2024/25 season.
The period January to March 2025 is expected to have normal to above normal rainfall for most of the region. However, the south-western fringes of South Africa, south-eastern and western most of the Republic of Congo (DRC), north-western Angola, Tanzania, northern Zambia, northern Malawi, northern Mozambique and central western tip of Madagascar, as well as the Comoros and the Seychelles, are expected to experience normal to below-normal rains. Northern Madagascar is likely to receive above normal rainfall during this period of the 2023/24 rainfall season.

The temperature outlook covering the period from October 2024 to January 2025 indicates a highly likelihood for above normal temperatures in most parts of the whole SADC region.

Rainfall forecast for October to December 2024:

• Northern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
• Increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Central DRC, northern fringes of Zambia, eastern most Malawi, Tanzania, most of Mozambique and Zimbabwe
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Southern DRC, Angola, most of Namibia, Zambia, Botswana, western fringes of Zimbabwe, north-eastern South Africa, southern Mozambique and eSwatini
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Southern Namibia, southern Botswana, most of South Africa and Lesotho
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Southern Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Central Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Northern Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Mauritius
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Seychelles
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Comoros
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall

Rainfall forecast for November 2024 to January 2025:

• Western DRC and north-western Angola
• Increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Central and southern Angola, eastern most DRC, North-western Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, most of Namibia western Malawi, central to southern Mozambique, eSwatini and north-eastern South Africa
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Central to south-western Angola, western coastal Namibia, most of central South Africa and Lesotho
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Bulk of Tanzania, eastern Malawi and northern Mozambique
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Southern Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Northern Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Mauritius
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Seychelles
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Comoros
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall

Rainfall forecast for December 2024 to February 2025:

• Northern fringes of Tanzania
• Increased chances of below-normal rainfall
• Northern DRC
• Increased chances of below-normal rainfall
• Most of Tanzania, north-eastern Mozambique, northern tip of Malawi, southern most DRC and Angola
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• South-eastern Angola, most of Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, most of South Africa, Lesotho, eSwatini, and most of Mozambique
• Increased chances of normal to above normal rainfall
• South-western Namibia and south-western South Africa
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Southernmost Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Most of Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal
• Mauritius
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Seychelles
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Comoros
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall

Rainfall forecast for January to March 2025:

• Western DRC and north western Angola
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Eastern DRC, southern Angola, most of Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia, most of South Africa, Lesotho, Eswatini and most of Mozambique
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• South-western South Africa
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Tanzania, eastern fringes of DRC, northern fringes of Zambia, northern Malawi and northern Mozambique
• Increased chances of normal to below normal rainfall
• Southernmost Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Central Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Northern Madagascar
• Increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Mauritius
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Seychelles
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Comoros
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal raifall                   

* Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Eswatini (Swaziland), Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe

Qatar Airways increases flights to Luanda (Angola)!

Qatar Airways, the flag carrier of Qatar, has announced that it will extend the frequency of flights between Hamad International Airport (DOH) in Doha and Quatro de Fevereiro International Airport (LAD) in Luanda, the capital of Angola. According to the airline, Luanda will see a frequency increase from one weekly flight to four weekly flights with a combined service to N'djili Airport (FIH) in Kinshasa in the DR Congo which Qatar Airways will serve for the first time. The frequency increase on the Luanda route and the launch of flights to Kinshasa will both commmence on 01 June 2024.

• Doha 02:45 > 08:10 Kinshasa
• Kinshasa 09:40 > 10:55 Luanda
• Luanda 12:25 > 22:50 Doha

• Doha 09:20 > 15:40 Luanda
• Luanda 17:10 > 18:25 Kinshasa
• Kinshasa 19:55 > 05:45+1 Doha

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Southern Africa: Consensus outlook for the February to June 2024 rainfall season!

The Southern African Development Communtiy (SADC)* has released the official statement from the Twenty-Eighth Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (SARCOF-28), which took place in Maputo (Mozambique) from 29 to 31 January 2024 to present a consensus outlook for the February to June 2024 rainfall season over the SADC region. This period is covering the transition from summer wet season to winter dry season over most of the region, “long rains" season in regions characterised by bi-modal rainfall (northern part of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and eastern part of Tanzania) and transition from summer dry season to winter wet season in the south-western tip of Africa. According to the outlook, most member states in the northern half and the southeastern parts of the SADC region are likely to receive normal to above-normal rainfall for most of the period from February to June 2024, except for central parts of the region and south-western parts where normal to below-normal and below-normal rainfall are expected. Above normal rainfall is expected over the north-eastern parts of the SADC region during the March 2024 to May 2024 period. The north-western and south-eastern parts of the region are expected to receive normal to below-normal rainfall during the April 2024 to June 2024 rainfall season. During this period, the central parts of the SADC region are expected to receive normal to above-normal rainfall. Below normal rainfall conditions are expected to persist over the western regions of the SADC region, mostly in Botswana, Namibia, southern Angola and south-western South Africa throughout the forecast period.

February - April 2024

• Northern half of Angola, DRC, northern Zambia, northern Malawi, Tanzaniaand northern Mozambique
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Southern half of Angola, northern fringes of Namibia, north-eastern Botswana, southern Zambia, Zimbabwe, southern Malawi, and most of Mozambique
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of below-normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Most of central Namibia and most of western Botswana and northwestern fringes of South Africa
• Increased chances of below normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Southern fringes of Botswana, extreme southern parts of Zimbabwe, most of South Africa, Lesotho, Eswatini and southern fringes of Mozambique
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Southern Namibia and south-western South Africa
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of below-normal rainfall
• Comoros
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• North and central Madagascar
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Southern Madagascar
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of below-normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Mauritius
• Normal rainfall with increased chances above-normal rainfall
• Seychelles
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of below-normal rainfall

March to May 2024

• Western half of DRC and northern half of Angola
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Eastern half of DRC, western half of Tanzania, northern Zambia, and north-eastern fringes of Angola
• Increased chances of above normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Eastern Tanzania, eastern Malawi, and northern Mozambique
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Most of southern half of Angola, northern Namibia, central and southern parts of Zambia, south-eastern fringes of DRC, south-western Malawi, northern Botswana, the bulk of Zimbabwe, extreme north-eastern fringes of South Africa and central and southern parts of Mozambique
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of below-normal rainfall
• Central and southern parts of Namibia, western Botswana, and western South Africa
• Increased chances of below normal rainfall
• Southern fringes of Botswana, extreme southern tip of Zimbabwe, most of South Africa, Lesotho, Eswatini, and southern fringes of Mozambique
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Comoros
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Madagascar
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Mauritius
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Seychelles
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall

April to June 2024

• North-western tip of Namibia, most of Angola, DRC, northern tip of Zambia and western tip of Tanzania
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of below-normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Southern tip of Angola, most of Namibia, western fringes of Botswana and western parts of South Africa
• Increased chances of below normal rainfall
• South-eastern Angola, southern tip of DRC, extreme north-eastern part of Namibia extreme western tip of Zimbabwe, most of Botswana, most of Zambia, northern Malawi, most of Tanzania, most of South Africa, Lesotho, most of Eswatini, northern and southern tips of Mozambique
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Northern Eswatini, north-eastern South Africa, eastern part of Botswana, most of Zimbabwe, southern fringes of Zambia, southern Malawi, most of Mozambique
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of below-normal rainfall
• Comoros
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Madagascar
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of below-normal rainfall (High Confidence)
• Mauritius
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall
• Seychelles
• Normal rainfall with increased chances of above-normal rainfall

* Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Eswatini (Swaziland), Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe

Southern Africa: Rainfall season (October 2023 - February 2024) outlook!

According to the findings of the Twenty-Seventh Annual Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (SARCOF-27), most member states of the Southern African Development Community (SADC)* are likely to receive normal to below-normal rainfall for most of the period from October 2023 to December 2023. The north-western part of Angola, much of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the southern half of Tanzania, north-eastern Zambia, northern Malawi, northern Mozambique, the Comoros, eastern Madagascar, and Mauritius are expected to experience normal to above-normal rains during this period. The northern half of Tanzania and the Seychelles are likely to receive above normal rainfall between October 2023 and December 2023.

The period December 2023 to February 2024 is expected to have normal to above normal rainfall for the bulk of the SADC region except for the south-western fringes of Namibia, south-western South Africa, the southern part of Zimbabwe, the eastern half of Botswana, northern South Africa, Eswatini and southern Mozambique where normal to below-normal rains are expected. Southernmost Madagascar will likely receive below normal rainfall during this period. The Seychelles is likely to receive above normal rainfall between December 2023 and February 2024.

* Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Eswatini (Swaziland), Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe

Southern Africa: Rainfall season (October 2022 - March 2023) outlook!

According to the findings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (SARCOF-26), most member states of the Southern African Development Community (SADC)* are likely to receive normal to above-normal rainfall for the period from October to December 2022. However, the north-western part of Angola, bulk of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), United Republic of Tanzania, northern Zambia, northern Malawi, northern Mozambique, Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius and Seychelles are likely to experience normal to below normal rains.

click to enlarge

During the period from January to March 2023 most of the SADC Region is expected to receive normal to above normal rains, except for northern Angola, bulk of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), northern half of United Republic of Tanzania and the bulk of Madagascar. Central Mozambique, southern Malawi, northern half of Zimbabwe, most of Zambia, southern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), south-eastern half of Angola, bulk of Namibia, western half of Botswana, most of central and western parts of South Africa, and western parts of Lesotho are likely to receive normal to above-normal rainfall during the first three month of 2023. 

* Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Eswatini (Swaziland), Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe

South Africa: South African Airways is adjusting its flight schedules!

South African Airways (SAA) has announced that it is adjusting its flight schedules to accommodate passenger requirements. The airline will remove from the schedule its daily return service OR Tambo International Airport (JNB) in Johannesburg and Maputo International Airport (MPM) in Maputo in Mozambique. The decision is effective from 01 December 2021, and passengers holding tickets will be re-accommodated on codeshare flights operated by LAM - Mozambique Airlines.
Other adjustments being made for the December ’21 and January ’22 holiday season, are due to the expected slow demand on traditionally non-travel days, as customers spend their time with families and friends.
Return flights to Accra in Ghana have been adjusted and will not operate on 25 December 2021 and 01 January 2022. Kinshasa, DR Congo flights have been adjusted and will not operate on 24 December 2021 and 31 December 2021. All Passengers will be re-accommodated on the next available SAA flights.
South African Airways (SAA) had operated 4 days a week to Lusaka in Zambia since September to 30 November 2021. The airline had scheduled additional frequencies to fly 7 days a week from December 2021, however further adjustments was made to the schedule to operate 5 days a week from 01 December 2021. Affected passengers will be re-accommodated on the next available SAA flights.
South African Airways is advising customers to refer to issuing offices for assistance. Passengers who no longer wish to travel may cancel their booking and are able to receive a full refund (inclusive of taxes) or opt for the credit voucher which will be offered to the original form of payment.

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Southern Africa: Rainfall season (October 2021 - March 2022) outlook!

According to the findings of the Twenty-Fifth Annual Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (SARCOF-25), most member states of the Southern African Development Community (SADC)* are likely to receive normal to above-normal rainfall for most of the period October to December 2021. The north-western part of Angola, the bulk of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), western and southern Madagascar, northern Malawi, northern Mozambique, the western fringes of Namibia and South Africa, the south-western part of the United Republic of Tanzania and north-eastern Zambia are likely to expect normal to below-normal rains.
The bulk of the SADC member states, except for the south-western fringes of Angola and the western fringes of Namibia and South Africa, are expected to have normal to above normal  rainfall between January 2022 to March 2022.
The period from October to March is the main rainfall season over most of Southern Africa.

* Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Eswatini (Swaziland), Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe

South Africa: Airlink to introduce additional flights to Maputo and Lubumbashi!

South African privately-owned regional carrier Airlink has announced the introduction of additional flights to Maputo in Mozambique and Lubumbashi in the DR Congo due to rising demand for air travel between those cities and South Africa. Effective 01 April 2021, the airline will operate triple daily flights between OR Tambo International Airport (JNB) in Johannesburg and Maputo International Airport (MPM) in Maputo as well as daily flights between Johannesburg and Lubumbashi International Airport (FBM) in Lubumbashi. 

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South Africa: Airlink to launch flights to the DR Congo and Tanzania!

South African privately-owned regional carrier Airlink is set to launch flights to the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania. Effective 30 November 2020, the airline will introduce three weekly direct flights on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays between OR Tambo International Airport (JNB) in Johannesburg and Lubumbashi International Airport (FBM) in Lubumbashi. One day later, on 01 December 2020, Airlink will launch a three weekly direct service on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Sundays between Johannesburg and Julius Nyerere International Airport (DAR) in Dar es Salaam.

• Johannesburg 12:00 > 14:30 Lubumbashi
• Lubumbashi 15:10 > 17:50 Johannesburg

• Johannesburg 13:00 > 17:25 Dar es Salaam
• Dar es Salaam 18:05 > 20:50 Johannesburg

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Southern Africa: Rainfall season (October 2020 - March 2021) outlook!

According to the findings of the Twenty Fourth Annual Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (SARCOF-24), most member states of the Southern African Development Community (SADC)* are likely to receive normal to above-normal rainfall for most of the period from October 2020 to December 2020. Normal to below-normal rains are expected for north-western Angola, the bulk of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), most of eastern Madagascar, northern Malawi, northern Mozambique, Seychelles, Tanzania and north-eastern Zambia. The period from January 2021 to March 2021 is expected to have normal to above normal rainfall for the entire SADC region. The period from October to March is the main rainfall season over most of Southern Africa.

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* Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Eswatini (Swaziland), Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe

Southern Africa: Rain season (October 2019 - March 2020) outlook!

According to the findings of the Twenty Third Annual Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (SARCOF-23), most member states of the Southern African Development Community (SADC)* are likely to receive normal to above-normal rainfall for most of the period October to December 2019. Northern Mozambique, southern Tanzania, Northern  Malawi, northernmost Zambia, the bulk of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the north-western half of Angola, northern Madagascar and the Comoros are expected to receive normal to below-normal rains.
During January to March 2020, most parts of the region are expected to have normal to above normal rainfall. Normal to below normal rainfall amounts are expected in the eastern half of Tanzania, the eastern half of Botswana, the westernmost parts of Namibia, the bulk of South Africa, the bulk of Mozambique, southern Malawi, eastern Lesotho, central Zambia, southernmost Madagascar, south-western most Angola as well as in Eswatini (Swaziland) and Zimbabwe.

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* Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Eswatini (Swaziland), Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe)

Southern Africa: Rainfall outlook (March - May 2019)!

According to the mid-season review and update of the Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (December 2018)*, the northern half of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), including the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Angola, Tanzania, Malawi, the bulk of Zambia, Northern Mozambique, Eastern Zimbabwe, Northernmost Namibia, Northernmost Botswana, Northern Madagascar, Mauritius and the Seychelles are likely to experience increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall between March and May 2019. The Southern half of the SADC, including the bulk of Namibia, the bulk of Botswana, the Southern half of Zimbabwe, Southern Mozambique, Eswatini (Swaziland),  Lesotho and the Southernmost part of Madagascar are likely to experience increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall between March and May 2019.

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Southern Africa: Rain season (October 2018 - March 2019) outlook! [update]

The 22nd Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (SARCOF-22) has isuued the annual outlook for the 2018/2019 rainfall season (October - March) in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region*. The period, October to March, is the main rainfall season over most of southern Africa. The countries covered by the outlook include all SADC member states (Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Eswatini (Swaziland), Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe).

According to the official statement (pdf), the bulk of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) is likely to receive normal to below-normal rainfall for most of the period October to December 2018 and above-normal rainfall over the northern half of Tanzania. From January to March 2019, most of the region will receive normal to below normal rainfall. Normal to above normal rainfall will be received throughout the 2018/19 rainy season in northern most Angola, central most Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), south-western Tanzania, northern Malawi and the islands states of Comoros, Mauritius, eastern most Madagascar and Seychelles.
The mean temperature will be normal to above normal for most of the 2018/19 season over the entire SADC region, except for Northeast of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), north-western Tanzania, extreme south of Mozambique, Eswatini (Swaziland), extreme east of South Africa, central South Africa, half north of Lesotho, extreme southwest of Botswana, south of Namibia, northwest of South Africa with the likelihood of above normal temperature. For detailed information on the climate outlook, click here (pdf)!

DR Congo: Virunga National Park remains closed for travellers until 2019!

Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Africa’s oldest national park, closes its gates to visitors for the rest of 2018 following the death of a ranger and the abduction of two British tourists by local rebels on 11 May 2018. The management of the National Park initially planed to close Virunga only until 04 June 2018 to investigate the incident, but has now decided to reevaluate the general security situtation in and around the area before reopening. We'll keep you posted!

Virunga National Park covers 7,800km² and stretches from the Virunga Mountains in the south, to the Rwenzori Mountains in the north, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Park borders Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda and Rwenzori Mountains National Park and Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda.

DR Congo: Tourism to the Virunga National Park temporarily suspended!

The management of the Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has announced that tourism to the famous National Park has been suspended (at least) until 04 June 2018. The announcement follows an ambush that happend about 10km outside Goma on 11 May 2018 in which a park ranger was killed and two British tourists were kidnapped (and released two days later). According to the Park's management, the suspension of tourism is being undertaken as an additional precautionary measure whilst an investigation is undertaken surrounding the recent events.
Virunga National Park covers 7,800km² and stretches from the Virunga Mountains in the south, to the Rwenzori Mountains in the north, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Park borders Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda and Rwenzori Mountains National Park and Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda.

Southern Africa: Rainfall outlook (March - May 2018)!

According to the mid-season review and update of the Southern Africa Regional Climate Outlook Forum (December 2017)*, the bulk of the member states of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region will experience normal to above-normal rainfall between March 2018 and May 2018. However, Namibia and the south-western part of South Africa are more likely to receive normal to below-normal rain during most of the time between January 2018 (!) and May 2018.

March to May 2018:

• North-western most Democratic Republic of Congo
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• North-eastern most  of Tanzania, bulk of Democratic Republic of Congo, northern half of Angola and northern Zambia
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Northern Mozambique, bulk of Tanzania, Malawi and eastern Zambia
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Southern Zambia, northern half of Zimbabwe, central parts of Mozambique, northernmost Botswana, northernmost Namibia and half of Angola
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Southern Mozambique, eastern fringes of Zimbabwe, eastern parts of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Southern half of Zimbabwe, bulk of Botswana, bulk of South Africa and bulk of Namibia
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Western half of Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Easternmost Madagascar
• Increased chances of normal to below-normal rainfall
• Mauritius
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall
• Seychelles
• Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall

*mid-season review and update of the Southern African Regional Climate Outlook Forum (SARCOF-21), 05-08 December 2017