Malaria in Southern Africa: What travellers need to know in June!

Malaria remains a health concern in several parts of Southern Africa, even as cooler temperatures begin to set in during June. While the risk may be lower in some areas, travellers should remain informed and take appropriate precautions to stay safe. This guide provides updated information on malaria risk areas in Southern Africa, explains why June still matters for malaria awareness, and offers malaria prevention tips for travellers heading to the region during this time of year.

Malaria Risk Areas in Southern Africa:

Malaria transmission in Southern Africa is highly seasonal and region-specific. In June, many parts of the region experience cooler and drier weather, which naturally leads to a decrease in mosquito activity. However, malaria has not disappeared, and some areas remain high-risk year-round.

As of June, the following areas remain at risk:

• Mozambique: Most of the country remains a high-risk malaria zone throughout the year, including coastal and inland areas.
• Zambia: Northern and western provinces, especially areas near the Zambezi River and Luangwa Valley, continue to report cases.
• Zimbabwe: Areas such as the Zambezi Valley and the low-lying regions in the north and east are still affected.
• Namibia: Northern regions, especially the Kavango and Zambezi regions, maintain a moderate risk.
• Malawi: Malaria is present year-round across the country, with rural areas posing higher risks.
• Angola: Malaria remains endemic in most provinces, particularly in the north and northeast.
• Tanzania (Southern regions): While not always categorized with "Southern Africa," many travellers include Tanzania in their itineraries. The southern and coastal regions continue to carry a risk in June.

South Africa has a low risk overall, but Mpumalanga (Kruger National Park and surrounding areas) and parts of Limpopo still warrant caution.

Why June still matters for malaria awareness:

Although June marks the beginning of winter in much of Southern Africa, it's a transitional month, and malaria transmission does not halt overnight. Several reasons make malaria awareness essential in June:

• Residual mosquito populations can persist, especially in warm, humid microclimates like river valleys.
• Malaria can take up to 30 days to present symptoms, meaning an infection contracted in May could manifest in June.
• June is the start of the dry season, attracting tourists to safaris and outdoor destinations in regions where malaria remains a threat.
• In some countries, resistance to common antimalarial medications is an emerging concern, reinforcing the need for vigilance.

Malaria prevention tips for travellers:

Travellers heading to malaria-affected areas in Southern Africa in June should take the following preventive measures:

• Consult a healthcare provider before your trip to determine if antimalarial medication is necessary based on your itinerary.
• Use insect repellent containing DEET or picaridin, especially during dusk and dawn when mosquitoes are most active.
• Wear long sleeves and pants, preferably light-coloured clothing, to minimize exposed skin.
• Sleep under a mosquito net, especially in rural or less-developed accommodation.
• Stay in well-screened or air-conditioned rooms when possible.
• Avoid stagnant water and lush vegetation near lodgings, as these are prime mosquito breeding sites.
• Monitor for symptoms such as fever, chills, and flu-like illness during and after your trip. Seek medical attention immediately if symptoms develop—even weeks after returning.

June may bring cooler weather to parts of Southern Africa, but malaria does not take a winter holiday. Staying informed about current risk areas and taking proper precautions can ensure your travels are safe and memorable. Always consult a healthcare professional for the most up-to-date advice tailored to your destination.
Stay healthy and enjoy your Southern African adventure!